自(zi)1979年(nian)以來，甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)已被用(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)汽油(you)中鉛(qian)辛烷值增強的替代品。氧化(hua)燃料和(he)汽油(you)改造計(ji)劃在(zai)20世紀90年(nian)代得到了廣(guang)泛(fan)的應(ying)用(yong)。作(zuo)(zuo)為汽油(you)中的氧化(hua)合(he)物，MTBE清潔劑可以幫(bang)助汽油(you)燃燒(shao)。不幸的是，MTBE由于地(di)下儲罐泄漏，污染地(di)下水已成(cheng)為許多地(di)方的主要問題。

　　MTBE主要被乙(yi)醇取(qu)代的(de)汽油添加劑已被禁止或限制。與其它石油成分相(xiang)比(bi)，由于其在水(shui)(shui)(shui)中的(de)高(gao)溶解度，當(dang)它通過(guo)汽油釋(shi)放境時，MTBE遠離原始泄漏源(yuan)。此外，由于MTBE自然(ran)分解在土壤中較(jiao)小，因此可能繼續作(zuo)為地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)。建議飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)MTBE水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)應低于20-40億(ppb)。許多國家的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)要低得多。

　　用活性炭處理MTBE

　　MTBE其物理(li)化學(xue)特性使(shi)其比其他常(chang)見的有(you)機污染物更(geng)難從(cong)水(shui)中去(qu)除(chu)。空(kong)氣剝離(li)、生物處理(li)和(he)氧化等治療方法可能(neng)(neng)在(zai)一定(ding)程(cheng)度上發揮作用，但(dan)對于小(xiao)使(shi)用點(POU)和(he)進入(ru)點(POE)系統通(tong)常(chang)成(cheng)本高。活性炭能(neng)(neng)有(you)效去(qu)除(chu)MTBE，但(dan)是由于MTBE水(shui)中溶解度高，可能(neng)(neng)難以去(qu)除(chu)。因此，使(shi)用正(zheng)確類型(xing)的活性炭來(lai)有(you)效清(qing)除(chu)成(cheng)本至關重要(yao)。

　　在POU和POE椰(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)和煤(mei)質活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)用于水處理。椰(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)有更(geng)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)孔(kong)。微(wei)孔(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)義(yi)為(wei)直徑小于2納米的(de)(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)。煤(mei)質活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)微(wei)孔(kong)較少，但較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)稱為(wei)中(zhong)孔(kong)和大孔(kong)。椰(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)微(wei)孔(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)量(liang)約(yue)為(wei)煤(mei)質活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)50%。椰(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)有大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)孔(kong)，使其吸附(fu)更(geng)高MTBE的(de)(de)(de)(de)能力(li)。此(ci)外，椰(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)具(ju)有較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)保持性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。高保持性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)保證當流入時(shi)流入MTBE濃度波動時(shi)，MTBE活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)不會脫落或(huo)脫附(fu)。椰(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)也比較純，97%含(han)碳量(liang)為(wei)98%，

　　為了(le)克服煤質(zhi)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)一些缺陷，金豐活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)優化了(le)煤質(zhi)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)，以(yi)獲得更好(hao)的(de)效果(guo)MTBE吸附。與椰殼(ke)(ke)(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)相(xiang)比(bi)，優化活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)比(bi)以(yi)前重(zhong)30%，需要購(gou)買30%的(de)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)來填充給定的(de)體積。測量水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)，以(yi)比(bi)較不同的(de)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)MTBE飽和(he)容量。與椰殼(ke)(ke)(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)相(xiang)比(bi)，煤質(zhi)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)被認為是(shi)水(shui)(shui)處理行(xing)業的(de)標準MTBE煤基(ji)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)優化數據顯(xian)示，水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)低MTBE椰殼(ke)(ke)(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)濃度高于煤質(zhi)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)2.5倍的(de)MTBE容量。此外(wai)，椰殼(ke)(ke)(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)MTBE比(bi)優化煤基(ji)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)容量高1.8倍。