自1979年以來，甲(jia)基叔丁基醚(MTBE)已(yi)被用作汽(qi)(qi)油(you)中鉛辛烷值增強的(de)(de)替代品。氧化(hua)燃(ran)料和汽(qi)(qi)油(you)改造計劃在(zai)20世紀90年代得到了廣泛的(de)(de)應用。作為(wei)汽(qi)(qi)油(you)中的(de)(de)氧化(hua)合(he)物(wu)，MTBE清潔劑(ji)可以幫(bang)助汽(qi)(qi)油(you)燃(ran)燒。不(bu)幸的(de)(de)是，MTBE由于地(di)下儲罐泄漏，污染地(di)下水已(yi)成為(wei)許多地(di)方的(de)(de)主要(yao)問題。

　　MTBE主要(yao)(yao)被(bei)乙醇取(qu)代(dai)的汽(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)添(tian)加劑已被(bei)禁(jin)止或限(xian)制。與其它石油(you)(you)成分相比，由于其在(zai)水(shui)(shui)中的高溶解(jie)(jie)度，當(dang)它通(tong)過汽(qi)(qi)油(you)(you)釋(shi)放境時(shi)，MTBE遠離原始泄(xie)漏源。此外，由于MTBE自然分解(jie)(jie)在(zai)土(tu)壤中較小(xiao)，因此可能繼續作(zuo)為地下水(shui)(shui)的污染(ran)源。建議飲用水(shui)(shui)MTBE水(shui)(shui)平應低(di)于20-40億(ppb)。許多國家的水(shui)(shui)平要(yao)(yao)低(di)得多。

　　用活性炭處理MTBE

　　MTBE其物理化(hua)學特(te)性使(shi)(shi)其比其他(ta)常見的有機污染物更難(nan)從(cong)水中(zhong)去除(chu)(chu)。空氣剝離、生(sheng)物處理和氧(yang)化(hua)等(deng)治療(liao)方法可(ke)(ke)能(neng)在(zai)一(yi)定程度(du)上發揮(hui)作用，但對(dui)于小使(shi)(shi)用點(dian)(POU)和進入點(dian)(POE)系(xi)統通常成(cheng)本高。活性炭能(neng)有效去除(chu)(chu)MTBE，但是由于MTBE水中(zhong)溶解度(du)高，可(ke)(ke)能(neng)難(nan)以去除(chu)(chu)。因此，使(shi)(shi)用正確類(lei)型的活性炭來有效清除(chu)(chu)成(cheng)本至關重要(yao)。

　　在POU和POE椰(ye)(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)和煤質(zhi)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)用于(yu)水(shui)處(chu)理。椰(ye)(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)有(you)更多(duo)的微(wei)孔。微(wei)孔的定義為直徑小于(yu)2納(na)米的孔。煤質(zhi)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)微(wei)孔較(jiao)少，但較(jiao)大(da)(da)的孔稱為中(zhong)孔和大(da)(da)孔。椰(ye)(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)微(wei)孔的量約為煤質(zhi)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)的50%。椰(ye)(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)中(zhong)有(you)大(da)(da)量的微(wei)孔，使其吸附更高(gao)(gao)MTBE的能力。此外，椰(ye)(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)具有(you)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的保(bao)持性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。高(gao)(gao)保(bao)持性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)保(bao)證當流(liu)入時流(liu)入MTBE濃度波動時，MTBE活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)不(bu)會脫落或脫附。椰(ye)(ye)殼(ke)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)也比(bi)較(jiao)純，97%含碳(tan)量為98%，

　　為(wei)了克服煤(mei)(mei)質活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)些缺陷(xian)，金豐活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)優(you)(you)化了煤(mei)(mei)質活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)，以獲得更(geng)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)效果MTBE吸附。與(yu)椰(ye)殼活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)相比，優(you)(you)化活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)比以前(qian)重(zhong)30%，需要購買(mai)30%的(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)來填充給定的(de)(de)(de)體積。測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)水中的(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)，以比較不(bu)同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)MTBE飽和容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。與(yu)椰(ye)殼活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)相比，煤(mei)(mei)質活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)被認為(wei)是水處理(li)行業的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準MTBE煤(mei)(mei)基(ji)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)優(you)(you)化數據(ju)顯示，水中低MTBE椰(ye)殼活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)濃度(du)高于煤(mei)(mei)質活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)2.5倍的(de)(de)(de)MTBE容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。此外，椰(ye)殼活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)MTBE比優(you)(you)化煤(mei)(mei)基(ji)活(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)(tan)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)高1.8倍。